DEGREE OF DYSLIPIDEMIAS IN CASES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH AND WITHOUT NEPHROPATHY AT PAF HOSPITAL ISLAMABAD

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the key contributors to increase morbidity and mortality in type-II diabetes. Presence of diabetic nephropathy is said to further enhance dyslipidemia. Understanding this association can benefit our therapeutic goals in these patients.

Objective: To compare the degree of dyslipidemia in cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without nephropathy.

Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, PAF Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan from Mar 2023-Aug 2023. A total of 100 Type 2 Diabetes patients, diagnosed with nephropathy were included in the study group. Another 100 patients with Type 2 diabetes without nephropathy were added in the control group. Biochemical investigations were conducted for both the groups including complete lipid profile, serum albuminuria and serum createnine. The primary outcome was set as the significance of difference in lipid profile between the two groups.

Results: The mean age in this study was 55.23±8.99 years.  The male gender was 67(54%) while female gender was (53) 46% in overall study population. Dyslipidemia was significantly more common in the study group than controls (78% vs. 53%, p<0.001). The study group had significantly higher mean levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), triglycerides (p < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (p < 0.0001), and VLDL cholesterol (p < 0.0001), while HDL cholesterol showed no significant difference (p = 0.42).

Conclusion: Diabetic patients with nephropathy displayed a markedly higher degree of dyslipidemia, with significantly raised total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and VLDL levels.